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Semi-active vibration control using piezoelectric actuators in smart structures

Jinhao QIU, Hongli JI, Kongjun ZHU

《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2009年第4卷第3期页码 242-251 doi: 10.1007/s11465-009-0068-z

摘要： The piezoelectric materials, as the most widely used functional materials in smart structures, have many outstanding advantages for sensors and actuators, especially in vibration control, because of their excellent mechanical-electrical coupling characteristics and frequency response characteristics. Semi-active vibration control based on state switching and pulse switching has been receiving much attention over the past decade because of several advantages. Compared with standard passive piezoelectric damping, these new semi-passive techniques offer higher robustness. Compared with active damping systems, their implementation does not require any sophisticated signal processing systems or any bulky power amplifier. In this review article, the principles of the semi-active control methods based on switched shunt circuit, including state-switched method, synchronized switch damping techniques, and active control theory-based switching techniques, and their recent developments are introduced. Moreover, the future directions of research in semi-active control are also summarized.

关键词： smart structure semi-active method vibration control piezoelectric actuator

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H_∞ control in the frequency domain for a semi-active floor isolation system

Yundong SHI, Tracy C BECKER, Masahiro KURATA, Masayoshi NAKASHIMA

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2013年第7卷第3期页码 264-275 doi: 10.1007/s11709-013-0214-x

摘要： A floor isolation system installed in a single floor or room in a fixed base structure is designed to protect equipment. With this configuration, the input motions to the floor isolation from the ground motions are filtered by the structure, leaving the majority of the frequency content of the input motion lower than the predominant frequency of the structure. The floor isolation system should minimize the acceleration to protect equipment; however, displacement must also be limited to save floor space, especially with long period motion. Semi-active control with an control was adopted for the floor isolation system and a new input shaping filter was developed to account for the input motion characteristics and enhance the effectiveness of the control. A series of shake table tests for a semi-active floor isolation system using rolling pendulum isolators and a magnetic-rheological damper were performed to validate the control. Passive control using an oil damper was also tested for comparison. The test results show that the control effectively reduced acceleration for short period motions with frequencies close to the predominant frequency of the structure, as well as effectively reduced displacement for long period motions with frequencies close to the natural frequency of the floor isolation system. The control algorithm proved to be more advantageous than passive control because of its capacity to adjust control strategies according to the different motion frequency characteristics.

关键词： semi-active floor isolation H_∞ control MR damper shaping filter shaking table test

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Semi-active fuzzy control of Lali Cable-Stayed Bridge using MR dampers under seismic excitation

Sajad JAVADINASAB HORMOZABAD, Amir K. GHORBANI-TANHA

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2020年第14卷第3期页码 706-721 doi: 10.1007/s11709-020-0612-9

摘要： Seismic control of cable-stayed bridges is of paramount importance due to their complex dynamic behavior, high flexibility, and low structural damping. In the present study, several semi-active Fuzzy Control Algorithms (FCAs) for vibration mitigation of Lali Cable-Stayed Bridge are devised. To demonstrate the efficiency of the algorithms, a comprehensive nonlinear 3-D model of the bridge is created using OpenSees. An efficient method for connecting MATLAB and OpenSees is devised for applying FCAs to the structural model of the bridge. Two innovative fuzzy rule-bases are introduced. A total of six different fuzzy rule-bases are utilized. The efficiency of the FCAs is evaluated in a comparative manner. The performance of fuzzy control systems is also compared with a sky-hook and a passive-on system. Moreover, the sensitivity of efficiency of control systems to the peak ground acceleration is evaluated qualitatively. In addition, the effect of time lag is also investigated. This study thoroughly examines the efficiency of the FCAs in different aspects. Therefore, the results can be regarded as a general guide to design semi-active fuzzy control systems for vibration mitigation of cable-stayed bridges.

关键词： semi-active control Fuzzy Control Algorithm cable-stayed bridge MR damper Lali Bridge

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基于并联机构及MR阻尼器的多维减振平台半主动控制研究

朱伟,马履中,陈修祥,吴伟光,谢俊

《中国工程科学》 2007年第9卷第11期页码 63-67

摘要：

分析了磁流变阻尼器的力学特性，将其应用于多维减振系统中。采用经典的三平移并联机构作为多维减振平台的主体机构，推导出其位置逆解公式；建立了系统动力学状态方程模型，以运动学方程得到的支路加速度作为输入信号，控制器采用了基于线性二次型最优控制理论的半主动控制算法。考虑到动态过程中机构动力学方程的复杂性，采用稳态方法对并联机构处于某一运动姿态的支路移动副振动进行控制，从而控制了整个平台的振动。仿真结果表明，所采取的控制算法有较好的控制效果。

关键词：并联机构多维减振磁流变阻尼器半主动控制

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Design considerations and experimental studies on semi-active smart pin joint

Yancheng LI, Jianchun LI, Bijan SAMALI, Jiong WANG,

《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2009年第4卷第4期页码 363-370 doi: 10.1007/s11465-009-0074-1

摘要： Hostile dynamic loadings such as severe wind storms, earthquakes, and sudden impacts can cause severe damage to many civil engineering structures. An intelligent structural system equipped with smart structural members that are controllable in real-time is an effective solution to structural damage and failure during such situations. Civil intelligent structures with controllable properties to adapt to any changes due to dynamic loadings can lead to effective protection of structures and their occupants. In this paper, design and testing of a semi-active magnetorheological (MR) pin joint, in which the moment resistance can be controlled in real-time by altering the magnetic field, is reported with the view of using it as a potential candidate for smart members in the development of intelligent structures. Design of prototype smart pin joints includes theoretical analysis related to the radius of the rotary plate, the property of MR fluids and the gap between the rotary plate and the casing based on the requirements of the dynamics of MR pin joints. FEM analysis was deployed to study the distribution of the magnetic field along the gap. It is found, from the theoretical analysis and experimental verification, that the MR pin joint with a diameter of 180 mm can produce a torque of up to 30 Nm, which meets requirements for semi-active members in a multi-storey prototype building model in the next stage of research and development.

关键词： magnetorheological (MR) fluids smart pin joint design consideration

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Neural network control for earthquake structural vibration reduction using MRD

Khaled ZIZOUNI, Leyla FALI, Younes SADEK, Ismail Khalil BOUSSERHANE

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2019年第13卷第5期页码 1171-1182 doi: 10.1007/s11709-019-0544-4

摘要： Structural safety of building particularly that are intended for exposure to strong earthquake loads are designed and equipped with high technologies of control to ensure as possible as its protection against this brutal load. One of these technologies used in the protection of structures is the semi-active control using a Magneto Rheological Damper device. But this device need an adequate controller with a robust algorithm of current or tension adjustment to operate which is further discussed in the following of this paper. In this study, a neural network controller is proposed to control the MR damper to eliminate vibrations of 3-story scaled structure exposed to Tōhoku 2011 and Boumerdès 2003 earthquakes. The proposed controller is derived from a linear quadratic controller designed to control an MR damper installed in the first floor of the structure. Equipped with a feedback law the proposed control is coupled to a clipped optimal algorithm to adapt the current tension required to the MR damper adjustment. To evaluate the performance control of the proposed design controller, two numerical simulations of the controlled structure and uncontrolled structure are illustrated and compared.

关键词： MR damper semi-active control earthquake vibration neural network linear quadratic control

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双级驱动半主动隔振系统的可调反共振频率控制器 Research Articles

赵勃1,2,史维佳1,2,王丙泉1,2,谭久彬1,2

《信息与电子工程前沿（英文）》 2021年第22卷第10期页码 1390-1401 doi: 10.1631/FITEE.2000373

摘要：在半导体制造业中，被控对象的动态模型通常是在运动控制前通过扫频方法获得。然而，现有隔离器不能很好隔离扫频时惯性力（频率在0 Hz和固有频率之间）对平台基座的干扰。本文提出一种用于双级驱动半主动隔振系统的可调反共振频率控制器。双级驱动半主动隔振系统具有显著的反共振特性，在一个特定频率——即所谓反共振频率——振幅可降至接近零。本控制器的设计目的是增加一个可调的控制器反共振频率，以充分利用这种独特的反共振特性。实验结果表明了本方案的可行性，闭环传递率从0 Hz到初始反共振频率小于−15 dB。此外，在附加反共振频率附近，闭环传递率小于−30 dB，可通过改变控制器参数实现附加反共振频率在0 Hz至初始反共振频率之间的调节。当平台基座受到脉冲扰动时，使用本文提出的控制器，有效载荷扰动幅度从4 mm/s衰减至0.5 mm/s，降低87.5%。同时，通过跟踪扫频干扰，系统可实时调整反共振频率点，获得良好隔振性能。这表明双级驱动半主动隔振系统和所提控制器可应用于保证超低振动环境，特别是在半导体制造业的扫频工作中。

关键词：半主动隔振；双级驱动；动态吸振；可调反共振频率控制器

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集成增强主动学习混合判别分析模型及其在半监督故障分类中的应用 Research Article

王伟俊1,王云2,王君1,方信昀3,何雨辰1

《信息与电子工程前沿（英文）》 2022年第23卷第12期页码 1814-1827 doi: 10.1631/FITEE.2200053

摘要：故障分类作为过程监控中不可缺少的部分，其性能高度依赖于过程知识的充分性。然而，由于采样条件有限及实验室分析昂贵，数据标签总是难以获取，这可能导致分类性能下降。为了解决这个难题，本文提出一种新的半监督故障分类方法，其中每个未标记样本相对于特定标记数据集的价值采用增强的主动学习来评估。具有高价值的未标记样本将作为训练数据集的补充信息。此外，引入了几个合理的指标和准则大大降低了人工标注的干扰。最后，通过数值例子和田纳西伊士曼过程（TEP）评估了该方法的故障分类有效性。

关键词：半监督；主动学习；集成学习；混合判别分析；故障分类

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Dynamic characteristics analysis of active constrained layer damping plate with various boundary conditions

Jing LU, Yu XIANG, Qiao NI

《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2011年第6卷第4期页码 449-455 doi: 10.1007/s11465-011-0240-0

摘要：

Considering the direct and converse piezoelectric effect, expressions of piezoelectric membrane internal forces in the piezoelectric constrained layer were given. The control equations of the piezoelectric constrained layer and host plate were obtained in according with the thin plate theory. Based on the layer wised principle, the integrated first order differential equation of an active constrained layer damping (ACLD) plate was derived for the simply supported boundary condition. Then, this method was expanded to the ACLD plate with cantilever boundary condition by virtue of geometric analogy method. Employing the extended homogeneous capacity precision integration approach, a high precision semi-analytical method was proposed to analyze the dynamic characteristics of the ACLD plate with various boundary conditions. The comparison with the literature results has verified the accuracy and effectiveness of the present method.

关键词： active constrained layer damping (ACLD) plate dynamic characteristics semi-analytical method extended homogeneous capacity precision integration approach

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High-bandwidth nanopositioning via active control of system resonance

Linlin LI, Sumeet S. APHALE, Limin ZHU

《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2021年第16卷第2期页码 331-339 doi: 10.1007/s11465-020-0619-x

摘要： Typically, the achievable positioning bandwidth for piezo-actuated nanopositioners is severely limited by the first, lightly-damped resonance. To overcome this issue, a variety of open- and closed-loop control techniques that commonly combine damping and tracking actions, have been reported in literature. However, in almost all these cases, the achievable closed-loop bandwidth is still limited by the original open-loop resonant frequency of the respective positioning axis. Shifting this resonance to a higher frequency would undoubtedly result in a wider bandwidth. However, such a shift typically entails a major mechanical redesign of the nanopositioner. The integral resonant control (IRC) has been reported earlier to demonstrate the significant performance enhancement, robustness to parameter uncertainty, gua-ranteed stability and design flexibility it affords. To further exploit the IRC scheme’s capabilities, this paper presents a method of actively shifting the resonant frequency of a nanopositioner’s axis, thereby delivering a wider closed-loop positioning bandwidth when controlled with the IRC scheme. The IRC damping control is augmented with a standard integral tracking controller to improve positioning accuracy. And both damping and tracking control parameters are analytically optimized to result in a Butterworth Filter mimicking pole-placement—maximally flat passband response. Experiments are conducted on a nanopositioner’s axis with an open-loop resonance at 508 Hz. It is shown that by employing the active resonance shifting, the closed-loop positioning bandwidth is increased from 73 to 576 Hz. Consequently, the root-mean-square tracking errors for a 100 Hz triangular trajectory are reduced by 93%.

关键词： nanopositioning stage high-bandwidth resonant mode control tracking control integral resonant control

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Advances in Active Suspension Systems for Road Vehicles

Min Yu,Simos Evangelou,Daniele Dini,

《工程（英文）》 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2023.06.014

摘要： Active suspension systems (ASSs) have been proposed and developed for a few decades, and have now once again become a thriving topic in both academia and industry, due to the high demand for driving comfort and safety and the compatibility of ASSs with vehicle electrification and autonomy. Existing review papers on ASSs mainly cover dynamics modeling and robust control; however, the gap between academic research outcomes and industrial application requirements has not yet been bridged, hindering most ASS research knowledge from being transferred to vehicle companies. This paper comprehensively reviews advances in ASSs for road vehicles, with a focus on hardware structures and control strategies. In particular, state-of-the-art ASSs that have been recently adopted in production cars are discussed in detail, including the representative solutions of Mercedes active body control (ABC) and Audi predictive active suspension; novel concepts that could become alternative candidates are also introduced, including series active variable geometry suspension, and the active wheel-alignment system. ASSs with compact structure, small mass increment, low power consumption, high-frequency response, acceptable economic costs, and high reliability are more likely to be adopted by car manufacturers. In terms of control strategies, the development of future ASSs aims not only to stabilize the chassis attitude and attenuate the chassis vibration, but also to enable ASSs to cooperate with other modules (e.g., steering and braking) and sensors (e.g., cameras) within a car, and even with high-level decision-making (e.g., reference driving speed) in the overall transportation system—strategies that will be compatible with the rapidly developing electric and autonomous vehicles.

关键词： Active suspension Vehicle dynamics Robust control Ride comfort Chassis attitude

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Performance of PI controller for control of active and reactive power in DFIG operating in a grid-connected

Azzouz TAMAARAT,Abdelhamid BENAKCHA

《能源前沿（英文）》 2014年第8卷第3期页码 371-378 doi: 10.1007/s11708-014-0318-6

摘要： Due to several factors, wind energy becomes an essential type of electricity generation. The share of this type of energy in the network is becoming increasingly important. The objective of this work is to present the modeling and control strategy of a grid connected wind power generation scheme using a doubly fed induction generator (DFIG) driven by the rotor. This paper is to present the complete modeling and simulation of a wind turbine driven DFIG in the second mode of operating (the wind turbine pitch control is deactivated). It will introduce the vector control, which makes it possible to control independently the active and reactive power exchanged between the stator of the generator and the grid, based on vector control concept (with stator flux or voltage orientation) with classical PI controllers. Various simulation tests are conducted to observe the system behavior and evaluate the performance of the control for some optimization criteria (energy efficiency and the robustness of the control). It is also interesting to play on the quality of electric power by controlling the reactive power exchanged with the grid, which will facilitate making a local correction of power factor.

关键词： wind power doubly fed induction generator (DFIG) vector control active power reactive power maximum power point tracking (MPPT)

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卫星主动控温回路的设计模型与算法

李运泽,杨娟,宁献文,王晓明,石晓波

《中国工程科学》 2008年第10卷第7期页码 48-50

摘要：

使用电加热器的卫星主动控温回路是一种重要的主动热控措施，通过简明扼要的机理分析建立起该主动控温过程中受控对象温度变化的动态方程，得出了稳态控温、瞬态控温两种基本的控温模式下主动控温回路电加热器功率需求的计算表达式，给出了进行主动控温回路电加热器热功率设计计算的一般流程，较详细地分析了一个具体设计算例，为卫星主动控温回路设计计算提供了简便的计算模型和方法。

关键词：卫星主动热控制主动控温回路模型与算法

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A simple digital control algorithm for three phase shunt active filter: simulation and experimentation

Subbaraman SRINATH, Chandan KUMAR, M. P. SELVAN

《能源前沿（英文）》 2014年第8卷第1期页码 119-128 doi: 10.1007/s11708-013-0288-0

摘要： A novel and simple control algorithm using digital signal processor (DSP) has been proposed and realized for a three phase shunt active filter (SAF). The simulation and prototype construction of SAF is conducted to compensate the reactive power and harmonics in a distribution system. The major feature of the proposed algorithm is that it does not require unit vector templates and any transformations for the reference current generation of SAF. This reduces the computational complexity and makes the control flexible and faster. The simulation is conducted in MATLAB/SIMULINK while DSP TMS320LF2407 is employed in the digital implementation of hysteresis current control (HCC) for experimentation. The hardware results correlate with the simulation results in reducing the total harmonic distortion (THD) of the source current and achieving unity power factor.

关键词： shunt active filter (SAF) power quality voltage source inverter (VSI) digital signal processor (DSP) total harmonic distortion (THD) power factor improvement

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A low power consumption control scheme: application to a piezostack-based active mount

T. LOUKIL, O. BAREILLE, M. N. ICHCHOU, M. HADDAR

《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2013年第8卷第4期页码 383-389 doi: 10.1007/s11465-013-0274-6

摘要：

Piezostack-based active mounts have shown great efficiency for vibration control in a wide frequency range. In this paper, we investigate the performances of the global semi-active control strategy presented by Ichchou et al. [ ] for a control system consisting of an active mount and a supported mass. The control strategy allows extracting vibrations energy of the supported mass, storing it in accumulators to be reused for powering in part the actuators (two piezostacks). Consequently, energy needs are reduced versus good control performances comparable to those of the active control based on the negative velocity feedback. The performances of the controller are evaluated in both frequency (transmitted force) and time (acceleration) domains which show that vibrations of the supported mass due to base excitations are efficiently attenuated with the proposed law. An energetic analysis confirms the reduced energy requirement compared to the active scheme.

关键词： hybrid mount energy control piezoelectric harvesting